diff --git a/Localization/Localizable.xcstrings b/Localization/Localizable.xcstrings
index ea85132..e06a0c8 100644
--- a/Localization/Localizable.xcstrings
+++ b/Localization/Localizable.xcstrings
@@ -5771,6 +5771,16 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "Put these widgets on your desktop too: right-click the desktop, choose Edit Widgets, and find BarShelf.": {
+      "localizations": {
+        "ko": {
+          "stringUnit": {
+            "state": "translated",
+            "value": "이 위젯들을 데스크톱에도 놓을 수 있습니다. 데스크톱을 우클릭해 위젯 편집을 고른 뒤 BarShelf를 찾으세요."
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "Quit BarShelf": {
       "localizations": {
         "ko": {
diff --git a/RELEASE_NOTES.md b/RELEASE_NOTES.md
index a3aa55f..52fc0ec 100644
--- a/RELEASE_NOTES.md
+++ b/RELEASE_NOTES.md
@@ -2,104 +2,22 @@
 
 > Unreleased. Requires macOS 14+ on Apple Silicon.
 
-BarShelf 0.6.0 puts your widgets on the desktop and in Notification Center,
-and redesigns the whole app: a new BarShelf window with a Shelf you arrange
-by dragging, settings that apply as you change them, a popup that needs no
-right-click, a better Gallery, a first-run welcome, and a Korean interface.
-
-## Desktop widgets
-
-- **BarShelf on your desktop.** Right-click the desktop (or open Edit Widgets
-  in Notification Center), find BarShelf, and place it in small, medium, or
-  large. Right-click it and choose Edit Widget to pick which BarShelf widget
-  it shows.
-- **Show just what you want.** Pick individual items to show — one account
-  from aas Usage, CPU and Memory from System, or a few files — in the order
-  you pick them.
-- **Drawn for the desktop.** Items are laid out the way macOS's own widgets
-  are: a big number, meters (rings in the small size), a list, or a grid of
-  real file thumbnails. BarShelf picks the style that fits; choose another
-  under Style.
-- **Honest about age.** A widget whose reading is old shows an orange clock
-  and how long ago it updated; a fresh one shows nothing extra.
-- Clicking a desktop widget opens that widget in the BarShelf popup.
-- Desktop widgets update at most every 15 minutes, as macOS allows. Sensitive
-  widgets (one-time codes, clipboard) are never offered.
+BarShelf 0.6.1 lets you refresh a desktop widget right where it sits, adds an
+extra-large size, and lets widget authors say how their widget should look on
+the desktop.
 
 ## Changes
 
-- **A new BarShelf window.** The sidebar now has your workspace (Shelf, Menu
-  Bar, Gallery, Create, Automation) and, below it, Settings split into
-  General, Shortcuts, Updates, Privacy, and Advanced — one page each, no tabs
-  inside tabs.
-- **Menu Bar page.** Choose which widgets show a value in the menu bar, put
-  them next to the BarShelf icon or on their own, reorder them, and set the
-  style for all of them in one place.
-- **Record your shortcut.** Click the shortcut field and press the keys,
-  instead of typing "cmd+shift+b".
-- **Updates you control.** Turn off the automatic check, see when BarShelf
-  last checked, and skip a version you don't want to be reminded about.
-- **Privacy page.** See what each widget is allowed to do in plain words, and
-  allow, deny, or revoke it there.
-- Resetting the layout now asks first, and also restores the order of pages.
-- **The Shelf.** Your pages side by side, each widget where it sits in the
-  popup. Drag a widget to reorder it or onto another page to move it, and
-  select it to change its settings in the inspector next to it.
-- **Settings apply as you change them.** No more Save button; ⌘Z undoes a
-  change. A widget's settings are in four parts: General (page, size, and
-  its own options), Look, Menu Bar, and About (version, permissions, and
-  Remove).
-- **A better Gallery.** Search with a result count, filter by type
-  (Command, Workflow, Script) and category, and open any widget to see a
-  large preview, its full description, what it's allowed to do in plain
-  words, which tools it needs (with the install command), and Install,
-  Update, Open, or Remove. Install from URL and Create Widget sit right above
-  the grid.
-- The Gallery no longer uses CPU in the background while its window is
-  minimized or covered (#1).
-- **No more double titles.** Bundled widgets no longer repeat their own name
-  and icon under the card's header ("Battery" then "Battery" again), so the
-  card goes straight to the reading. Your installed copies update on launch.
-- **Everything in the popup, no right-click needed.** The page name at the top
-  is now a menu of all your pages. A new **⋯** button holds Edit Shelf (⌘E),
-  Add Widget…, Menu Bar, Open BarShelf…, Settings… (⌘,), Check for Updates…, and Quit —
-  the same list the menu bar icon shows when you right-click it.
-- **Edit Shelf.** Press ⌘E (or ⋯ ▸ Edit Shelf) to rearrange: every card shows
-  a drag handle, a Half Width / Full Width switch, and a remove button. Drag a
-  card onto a page dot to move it to that page. Press Esc or Done to finish.
-- **Card headers are on.** Each card shows its name, when it last updated, and
-  a spinner while it refreshes. Widgets that turned the header off keep it off.
-- **Errors say what to do.** A failing widget explains the cause in plain
-  words — a missing command, a timeout, no connection, an HTTP error, bad data,
-  a blocked permission — with a Retry button, the full message under Details,
-  and a link to its settings. A widget showing older data marks it "Cached".
-- **Clearer permission requests.** New widgets list what they want to do, with
-  Allow and Deny buttons. A denied widget shrinks to a small card where you can
-  review its permissions again or remove it. A widget stopped after crashing
-  offers Restart and Open Logs.
-- **A dot on the menu bar icon** when a widget is waiting for your approval or
-  has an error.
-- **The popup fits its content.** It is as tall as your widgets need, up to
-  480 points as before; choose Tall or Fit to Screen in Settings ▸ General ▸
-  Popup height for more.
-- A widget's card opened from its own menu bar item closes with Esc, shows
-  "Copied" when you copy, and no longer offers page options that do not apply
-  there.
-- Pin explains its limit: with two cards pinned it reads "Pin (2 max — unpin
-  one first)".
-- The gear on a card opens that widget's settings in the BarShelf window.
-- **A welcome on first launch.** Keep the starter widgets you want, set a
-  shortcut and login item, and pick values for the menu bar, then BarShelf
-  opens its popup.
-- **Updates wait for you.** When a new version is out, the menu bar icon gets
-  a dot and the ⋯ menu offers "Update to BarShelf …" — no dialog appears over
-  your work at launch.
-- macOS asks about notifications when you allow a widget that sends them,
-  not the first time one happens to fire.
-- The Create preview now looks exactly like the card it makes, and widgets
-  made with Create no longer show their name twice.
-- Every control in BarShelf has a name for VoiceOver.
-- **BarShelf speaks Korean.** Menus, the popup, the BarShelf window, alerts,
-  and onboarding appear in Korean when Korean is your Mac's preferred
-  language.
-
+- **Refresh from the desktop.** Medium and larger desktop widgets have a ↻
+  button in their header; in the small size, the orange clock that marks an
+  old reading is the button. The widget shows that it is refreshing and
+  updates as soon as BarShelf has the new reading.
+- **Extra large.** Desktop widgets come in an extra-large size: lists and
+  meters in two columns, and up to twelve file thumbnails.
+- **A tip on the Shelf** says how to put BarShelf on your desktop, until you
+  dismiss it.
+- **For widget authors:** `desktop.style` picks the layout BarShelf uses on
+  Automatic, `desktop.offer: false` keeps a widget off the desktop list, and
+  `desktopRole` on any node marks items (`item`), sets the title, value,
+  detail, or status, or leaves a node out (`hide`). See WIDGET-SPEC and
+  AGENTS.md §8B. Older versions of BarShelf ignore them.
diff --git a/Sources/BarShelfCLI/BarShelfKit/AgentSpecEmbedded.swift b/Sources/BarShelfCLI/BarShelfKit/AgentSpecEmbedded.swift
index 2c1d151..26dd2bc 100644
--- a/Sources/BarShelfCLI/BarShelfKit/AgentSpecEmbedded.swift
+++ b/Sources/BarShelfCLI/BarShelfKit/AgentSpecEmbedded.swift
@@ -337,6 +337,35 @@ sharing) the BarShelf mark.
 
 ---
 
+## 8B. Desktop widgets (`desktop`, `desktopRole`) — BarShelf 0.6.1
+
+BarShelf mirrors widgets onto macOS desktop widgets. It reads the view tree to
+split it into items and to find each item's title, value, bar, and detail. That
+works for cards, sections, list rows, and label–value rows. When it guesses
+wrong, say what you mean. Older hosts ignore both fields.
+
+```json
+"desktop": { "style": "meters", "offer": true }
+```
+
+- `style` is the layout used while the user leaves Style on Automatic. The
+  values are `bigValue`, `meters`, `list`, and `grid`.
+- `offer: false` keeps the widget out of the desktop widget's list. Sensitive
+  widgets are never offered anyway.
+
+On any UINode, `desktopRole` marks what the node is on the desktop:
+
+- `item` marks one choosable item. Once any node is marked `item`, only the
+  marked nodes become items.
+- `title`, `subtitle`, `value`, `detail`, and `status` set that field to the
+  node's first text.
+- `hide` leaves the node out of desktop widgets entirely. It is not even
+  written to the shared folder.
+
+The popup ignores `desktopRole`.
+
+---
+
 ## 9. Permission model
 
 Declared in `permissions`; approval is **per-widget and all-at-once**: the host
@@ -401,7 +430,7 @@ an unsupported placeholder today):
 Shared/common fields: `id` (stable identity, needed for lists & action routing),
 `padding` (points), `widthFill` (bool), `tint`/`tone`/`foreground`
 (`primary`|`secondary`|`tertiary`|`accent`|`good`|`warning`|`danger`|`neutral`),
-`accessibilityLabel`.
+`accessibilityLabel`, `desktopRole` (desktop widgets only, see §8B).
 
 ### Containers
 
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketApp/DesktopWidgets/SharedShelfPublisher.swift b/Sources/MenubucketApp/DesktopWidgets/SharedShelfPublisher.swift
index 7146598..f896dea 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketApp/DesktopWidgets/SharedShelfPublisher.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketApp/DesktopWidgets/SharedShelfPublisher.swift
@@ -33,12 +33,72 @@ final class SharedShelfPublisher {
     /// was taken out while it ran.
     private var generations: [String: Int] = [:]
 
+    /// Widgets whose refresh a desktop widget asked for: their next publish
+    /// goes out at once, and reloads the desktop without waiting.
+    private var answering: Set<String> = []
+
+    /// Called on the main thread with a widget id when its desktop widget's
+    /// refresh button is pressed.
+    var onRefreshRequest: ((String) -> Void)?
+
     init(container: URL? = SharedShelfPublisher.entitledContainer()) {
         self.container = container
     }
 
     var isEnabled: Bool { container != nil }
 
+    // MARK: - Refresh requests
+
+    /// Starts listening for the extension's refresh button.
+    func observeRefreshRequests() {
+        guard container != nil else { return }
+        CFNotificationCenterAddObserver(
+            CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(),
+            Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque(),
+            { _, observer, _, _, _ in
+                guard let observer else { return }
+                let publisher = Unmanaged<SharedShelfPublisher>.fromOpaque(observer).takeUnretainedValue()
+                DispatchQueue.main.async { publisher.takeRefreshRequests() }
+            },
+            SharedShelf.refreshRequestNotification as CFString, nil, .deliverImmediately
+        )
+        takeRefreshRequests()
+    }
+
+    deinit {
+        CFNotificationCenterRemoveEveryObserver(
+            CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(), Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque()
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Reads the request files and hands each new one to the runtime. One
+    /// that gets no answer — the widget failed, or is not offered — is
+    /// dropped after the request lifetime so the widget stops saying
+    /// "Refreshing".
+    func takeRefreshRequests(now: Date = Date()) {
+        guard let container else { return }
+        let offered = Set(lastIndex?.entries.map(\.id) ?? [])
+        for id in SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container, now: now).keys where !answering.contains(id) {
+            guard offered.contains(id) else {
+                SharedShelf.clearRefreshRequest(widgetID: id, in: container)
+                continue
+            }
+            answering.insert(id)
+            onRefreshRequest?(id)
+            DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + SharedShelf.refreshRequestLifetime) { [weak self] in
+                guard let self, self.answering.remove(id) != nil else { return }
+                SharedShelf.clearRefreshRequest(widgetID: id, in: container)
+                self.reloadNow()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Whether a widget's next render answers a desktop refresh request, so
+    /// it should be published without the usual throttle.
+    func isAnswering(_ widgetID: String) -> Bool {
+        answering.contains(widgetID)
+    }
+
     /// The list a user picks from when configuring a widget. Returns whether
     /// it changed.
     @discardableResult
@@ -96,6 +156,12 @@ final class SharedShelfPublisher {
     private func write(_ snapshot: SharedShelf.Snapshot, to container: URL) {
         do {
             try SharedShelf.writeSnapshot(snapshot, to: container)
+            if answering.remove(snapshot.widgetID) != nil {
+                // The user pressed refresh on the desktop and is watching.
+                SharedShelf.clearRefreshRequest(widgetID: snapshot.widgetID, in: container)
+                reloadNow()
+                return
+            }
             scheduleReload()
         } catch {
             NSLog("barshelf: could not share \(snapshot.widgetID) with widgets: \(error)")
@@ -236,6 +302,11 @@ final class SharedShelfPublisher {
         SharedShelf.removeSnapshot(widgetID: widgetID, from: container)
         // Not left on the desktop until the reload window closes: this is
         // rare, and worth a reload from the daily budget.
+        reloadNow()
+    }
+
+    /// Reloads widgets now, folding in any reload that was waiting.
+    private func reloadNow() {
         pendingReload?.cancel()
         pendingReload = nil
         lastReload = Date()
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketApp/Hub/ShelfView.swift b/Sources/MenubucketApp/Hub/ShelfView.swift
index e2ef21b..edad213 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketApp/Hub/ShelfView.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketApp/Hub/ShelfView.swift
@@ -104,7 +104,26 @@ struct ShelfView: View {
 
     // MARK: - Board
 
+    /// Dismissed for good once closed; desktop widgets are easy to miss.
+    @AppStorage("desktopWidgetTipDismissed") private var desktopTipDismissed = false
+
     private var board: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 0) {
+            if !desktopTipDismissed, runtime.sharedShelf.isEnabled {
+                StatusBanner(
+                    tone: .info,
+                    message: String(localized: "Put these widgets on your desktop too: right-click the desktop, choose Edit Widgets, and find BarShelf."),
+                    symbol: "macwindow.on.rectangle"
+                ) {
+                    Button("Dismiss") { desktopTipDismissed = true }
+                }
+                .padding([.horizontal, .top], Spacing.m)
+            }
+            shelfColumns
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var shelfColumns: some View {
         ScrollView([.horizontal, .vertical]) {
             HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: Spacing.m) {
                 let pages = shelfPages
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketApp/WidgetRuntime.swift b/Sources/MenubucketApp/WidgetRuntime.swift
index 0e12640..ec9cbef 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketApp/WidgetRuntime.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketApp/WidgetRuntime.swift
@@ -331,6 +331,14 @@ final class WidgetRuntime: ObservableObject {
         loadWidgets()
         startHotReload()
         startMenuBarStalenessTicker()
+        // The refresh button on a desktop widget.
+        sharedShelf.onRefreshRequest = { [weak self] widgetID in
+            guard let self,
+                  let widget = self.desktopWidgetCandidates().first(where: { $0.id == widgetID })
+            else { return }
+            self.refresh(widget, manual: true)
+        }
+        sharedShelf.observeRefreshRequests()
     }
 
     private func applyAppPreferences(_ preferences: AppPreferences) {
@@ -2863,6 +2871,14 @@ final class WidgetRuntime: ObservableObject {
 
     private func persistSnapshot(_ snapshot: WidgetSnapshot) {
         let id = snapshot.widgetID
+        if sharedShelf.isAnswering(id) {
+            // Someone pressed refresh on a desktop widget: this render goes
+            // out now, and the cache is written with it.
+            cancelPendingPersist(id)
+            Self.persistQueue.async { Self.writeCachedSnapshot(snapshot) }
+            publishToDesktopWidgets(snapshot)
+            return
+        }
         unpersistedSnapshots[id] = snapshot
         guard pendingPersists[id] == nil else { return }
         let item = DispatchWorkItem { [weak self] in
@@ -2886,7 +2902,10 @@ final class WidgetRuntime: ObservableObject {
     /// Widgets a desktop widget may mirror: everything switched on that is
     /// not sensitive, by manifest or by what it last rendered.
     private func desktopWidgetCandidates() -> [LoadedWidget] {
-        widgets.filter { !$0.isSensitive && !sensitiveRenderIDs.contains($0.id) && !prefs.isDisabled($0.id) }
+        widgets.filter {
+            !$0.isSensitive && !sensitiveRenderIDs.contains($0.id) && !prefs.isDisabled($0.id)
+                && $0.manifest.desktop?.offer != false
+        }
     }
 
     func publishDesktopWidgetIndex() {
@@ -2934,7 +2953,9 @@ final class WidgetRuntime: ObservableObject {
                 updatedAt: snapshot.updatedAt,
                 interval: widget.manifest.refresh?.interval.map { $0 * appPrefs.preferences.refreshMultiplier },
                 fallback: widget.manifest.refresh?.staleAfterSec ?? 3600
-            )
+            ),
+            preferredStyle: widget.manifest.desktop?.style
+                .flatMap(SharedShelf.Template.init(rawValue:))?.rawValue
         ))
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketCore/Manifest.swift b/Sources/MenubucketCore/Manifest.swift
index 0c53d9e..7cf8878 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketCore/Manifest.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketCore/Manifest.swift
@@ -29,6 +29,30 @@ public struct Manifest: Codable, Equatable {
     /// to update, rather than failing with "unknown function"; a host from
     /// before this field existed ignores it.
     public var minHostVersion: String?
+    /// How the widget appears as a macOS desktop widget (0.6.1). Optional;
+    /// without it BarShelf reads the view tree.
+    public var desktop: Desktop?
+
+    /// `desktop` in widget.json. Decoded leniently: a wrong value is
+    /// dropped, never a reason to refuse the widget.
+    public struct Desktop: Codable, Equatable, Sendable {
+        /// The layout to use when the user leaves Style on Automatic:
+        /// `bigValue`, `meters`, `list`, or `grid`.
+        public var style: String?
+        /// `false` keeps the widget out of the desktop widget's list.
+        public var offer: Bool?
+
+        public init(style: String? = nil, offer: Bool? = nil) {
+            self.style = style
+            self.offer = offer
+        }
+
+        public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
+            let container = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
+            style = (try? container?.decodeIfPresent(String.self, forKey: .style)) ?? nil
+            offer = (try? container?.decodeIfPresent(Bool.self, forKey: .offer)) ?? nil
+        }
+    }
 
     /// Why this widget cannot run on `hostVersion`, or nil when it can. A
     /// nil host version is a development build, which runs everything.
@@ -52,9 +76,11 @@ public struct Manifest: Codable, Equatable {
         permissions: Permissions? = nil,
         settings: [Setting]? = nil,
         appearance: WidgetAppearance? = nil,
-        minHostVersion: String? = nil
+        minHostVersion: String? = nil,
+        desktop: Desktop? = nil
     ) {
         self.minHostVersion = minHostVersion
+        self.desktop = desktop
         self.schemaVersion = schemaVersion
         self.id = id
         self.name = name
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelf.swift b/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelf.swift
index 27bd1dd..5546b43 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelf.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelf.swift
@@ -91,12 +91,14 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
         /// When this reading should be called out as old: about two refresh
         /// intervals after `updatedAt`. Until then a widget shows no time.
         public var staleAfter: Date?
+        /// The author's layout for Style ▸ Automatic (`Template` raw value).
+        public var preferredStyle: String?
 
         public init(
             widgetID: String, name: String, icon: String? = nil, accent: String? = nil,
             viewTree: UINode? = nil, updatedAt: Date? = nil, error: String? = nil,
             statusLabel: String? = nil, statusTint: String? = nil, parts: [Part]? = nil,
-            staleAfter: Date? = nil
+            staleAfter: Date? = nil, preferredStyle: String? = nil
         ) {
             self.widgetID = widgetID
             self.name = name
@@ -110,6 +112,7 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
             self.parts = parts ?? viewTree.map(SharedShelf.parts(of:)) ?? []
             self.summary = viewTree.map { SharedShelf.summarize($0, fallbackTitle: name) }
             self.staleAfter = staleAfter
+            self.preferredStyle = preferredStyle
         }
 
         public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
@@ -126,6 +129,7 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
             parts = try c.decodeIfPresent([Part].self, forKey: .parts) ?? []
             summary = try c.decodeIfPresent(Summary.self, forKey: .summary)
             staleAfter = try c.decodeIfPresent(Date.self, forKey: .staleAfter)
+            preferredStyle = try c.decodeIfPresent(String.self, forKey: .preferredStyle)
         }
     }
 
@@ -191,6 +195,10 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
     public static func scrubbed(_ node: UINode) -> UINode {
         var node = node
         node.id = node.id.map(shareableID)
+        // What a desktop widget must not show is not shared at all.
+        if node.desktopRole == "hide" {
+            return UINode(type: "none", hidden: true)
+        }
         node.action = nil
         node.drag = nil
         node.source?.path = nil
@@ -220,7 +228,7 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
         }
 
         func walk(_ node: UINode, group: String?) {
-            guard node.hidden != true, parts.count < maximumParts else { return }
+            guard node.hidden != true, node.desktopRole != "hide", parts.count < maximumParts else { return }
             switch node.type {
             case "card":
                 add(node, group: group)
@@ -244,6 +252,12 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
             }
         }
 
+        // The author named the items: those, in tree order, and nothing else.
+        let marked = markedItems(in: tree)
+        if !marked.isEmpty {
+            for item in marked.prefix(maximumParts) { add(item.node, group: item.group) }
+            return parts
+        }
         walk(tree, group: nil)
         if parts.isEmpty {
             for row in rows(of: tree) { add(row, group: nil) }
@@ -251,6 +265,24 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
         return parts
     }
 
+    /// Nodes marked `"desktopRole": "item"`, with the titled section each
+    /// sits in.
+    static func markedItems(in tree: UINode) -> [(node: UINode, group: String?)] {
+        var found: [(UINode, String?)] = []
+        func walk(_ node: UINode, group: String?) {
+            guard node.hidden != true, node.desktopRole != "hide" else { return }
+            if node.desktopRole == "item" {
+                found.append((node, group))
+                return
+            }
+            let title = node.type == "section" ? node.title?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) : nil
+            let inner = (title?.isEmpty == false) ? title : group
+            for child in children(of: node) { walk(child, group: inner) }
+        }
+        walk(tree, group: nil)
+        return found
+    }
+
     /// Whether a node holds a card, a section, or a list somewhere inside.
     static func containsStructure(_ node: UINode) -> Bool {
         let inner = (node.children ?? []) + (node.items ?? []) + [node.child?.node].compactMap { $0 }
@@ -362,6 +394,53 @@ public enum SharedShelf {
         }
     }
 
+    // MARK: - Refresh requests
+
+    /// Posted (as a Darwin notification, which a sandboxed extension may
+    /// send) after the widget extension asks for a refresh. It carries no
+    /// data: BarShelf reads the request files, which only apps of this team
+    /// can write.
+    public static let refreshRequestNotification = appGroupID + ".refresh-request"
+    static let requestsDirectoryName = "requests"
+    /// How long a request shows as pending before the widget gives up on it.
+    public static let refreshRequestLifetime: TimeInterval = 60
+
+    /// The widget extension asks BarShelf to refresh one widget now.
+    public static func requestRefresh(widgetID: String, in container: URL, now: Date = Date()) throws {
+        guard let name = snapshotFileName(for: widgetID) else { return }
+        try write(now, to: container
+            .appendingPathComponent(requestsDirectoryName, isDirectory: true)
+            .appendingPathComponent(name))
+    }
+
+    /// Widgets with a refresh asked for and not yet answered, with when.
+    /// Requests older than `refreshRequestLifetime` are dropped.
+    public static func pendingRefreshRequests(in container: URL, now: Date = Date()) -> [String: Date] {
+        let directory = container.appendingPathComponent(requestsDirectoryName, isDirectory: true)
+        var pending: [String: Date] = [:]
+        for file in (try? FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: directory.path)) ?? [] where file.hasSuffix(".json") {
+            let id = String(file.dropLast(5))
+            let url = directory.appendingPathComponent(file)
+            guard snapshotFileName(for: id) == file,
+                  let asked = read(Date.self, from: url),
+                  now.timeIntervalSince(asked) < refreshRequestLifetime
+            else {
+                try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: url)
+                continue
+            }
+            pending[id] = asked
+        }
+        return pending
+    }
+
+    /// BarShelf has answered (or given up on) a widget's refresh request.
+    public static func clearRefreshRequest(widgetID: String, in container: URL) {
+        guard let name = snapshotFileName(for: widgetID) else { return }
+        try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: container
+            .appendingPathComponent(requestsDirectoryName, isDirectory: true)
+            .appendingPathComponent(name))
+    }
+
     private static func write<Value: Encodable>(_ value: Value, to url: URL) throws {
         let encoder = JSONEncoder()
         encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .iso8601
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelfSummary.swift b/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelfSummary.swift
index 40ab5fb..8664cd7 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelfSummary.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketCore/SharedShelfSummary.swift
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ extension SharedShelf {
         var cardTone: String?
 
         func texts(in node: UINode, skipping skip: (UINode) -> Bool) -> [TextBit] {
-            if node.hidden == true || skip(node) { return [] }
+            if node.hidden == true || node.desktopRole == "hide" || skip(node) { return [] }
             if node.type == "text", let text = node.text?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !text.isEmpty {
                 return [TextBit(text: text, role: node.role, size: node.size, foreground: node.foreground)]
             }
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ extension SharedShelf {
         }
 
         func walk(_ node: UINode) {
-            guard node.hidden != true else { return }
+            guard node.hidden != true, node.desktopRole != "hide" else { return }
             if node.type == "card", cardTone == nil { cardTone = node.tone ?? node.tint }
             if node.type == "image", let source = node.source {
                 switch source.kind {
@@ -257,13 +257,21 @@ extension SharedShelf {
             ? rest.prefix(2).map { $0.text }.joined(separator: " · ").nilIfEmpty
             : metricContext.joined(separator: " · ")
 
+        // What the author said outranks what BarShelf read.
+        let said = authorRoles(in: node)
+        title = said["title"] ?? title
+        subtitle = said["subtitle"] ?? subtitle
+        status = said["status"] ?? status
+        if let saidValue = said["value"] { value = saidValue }
+        let saidDetail = said["detail"]
+
         return Summary(
             title: title ?? fallbackTitle,
             subtitle: subtitle,
             value: value,
             fraction: metrics.first?.fraction,
             tone: metrics.first?.tone ?? cardTone,
-            detail: detail,
+            detail: saidDetail ?? detail,
             status: status,
             metrics: metrics,
             symbol: symbol,
@@ -281,6 +289,34 @@ extension SharedShelf {
         return abs(fraction - percent) > 0.25 && abs(1 - fraction - percent) < 0.05 ? 1 - fraction : fraction
     }
 
+    /// The first text under each node an author gave a `desktopRole`
+    /// (other than `item` and `hide`).
+    static func authorRoles(in node: UINode) -> [String: String] {
+        var roles: [String: String] = [:]
+        func firstText(_ node: UINode) -> String? {
+            guard node.hidden != true, node.desktopRole != "hide" else { return nil }
+            if let text = (node.type == "text" ? node.text : node.type == "badge" ? (node.text ?? node.title) : nil)?
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !text.isEmpty {
+                return text
+            }
+            if let title = node.title?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !title.isEmpty,
+               ["card", "section"].contains(node.type) {
+                return title
+            }
+            return children(of: node).lazy.compactMap(firstText).first
+        }
+        func walk(_ node: UINode) {
+            guard node.hidden != true, node.desktopRole != "hide" else { return }
+            if let role = node.desktopRole, ["title", "subtitle", "value", "detail", "status"].contains(role),
+               roles[role] == nil, let text = firstText(node) {
+                roles[role] = text
+            }
+            for child in children(of: node) { walk(child) }
+        }
+        walk(node)
+        return roles
+    }
+
     static func children(of node: UINode) -> [UINode] {
         (node.children ?? []) + (node.items ?? []) + [node.child?.node].compactMap { $0 }
     }
diff --git a/Sources/MenubucketCore/UINode.swift b/Sources/MenubucketCore/UINode.swift
index b216ad7..6e31033 100644
--- a/Sources/MenubucketCore/UINode.swift
+++ b/Sources/MenubucketCore/UINode.swift
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ public struct UINode: Codable, Equatable {
     public var accessibility: Accessibility?
     /// `spacer` minimum length in points.
     public var minLength: Double?
+    /// What this node is to a macOS desktop widget, for an author who wants
+    /// to say rather than leave it to BarShelf's reading of the tree:
+    /// `item` (one choosable item), `title`, `subtitle`, `value`, `detail`,
+    /// `status`, or `hide` (left out of desktop widgets). The popup ignores it.
+    public var desktopRole: String?
 
     public struct Accessibility: Codable, Equatable, Sendable {
         public var label: String?
@@ -154,7 +159,8 @@ public struct UINode: Codable, Equatable {
         drag: DragSpec? = nil,
         accessibilityLabel: String? = nil,
         accessibility: Accessibility? = nil,
-        minLength: Double? = nil
+        minLength: Double? = nil,
+        desktopRole: String? = nil
     ) {
         self.id = id
         self.type = type
@@ -193,6 +199,7 @@ public struct UINode: Codable, Equatable {
         self.accessibilityLabel = accessibilityLabel
         self.accessibility = accessibility
         self.minLength = minLength
+        self.desktopRole = desktopRole
     }
 
     public var effectiveAccessibilityLabel: String? {
diff --git a/Tests/MenubucketAppTests/SharedShelfPublisherTests.swift b/Tests/MenubucketAppTests/SharedShelfPublisherTests.swift
index e8cc8d8..3c4463f 100644
--- a/Tests/MenubucketAppTests/SharedShelfPublisherTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/MenubucketAppTests/SharedShelfPublisherTests.swift
@@ -91,4 +91,29 @@ final class SharedShelfPublisherTests: XCTestCase {
         let folder = try XCTUnwrap(SharedShelf.imagesDirectory(for: "files", in: container))
         XCTAssertTrue(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: folder.appendingPathComponent(thumbnail).path))
     }
+
+    /// The refresh button on the desktop: the request reaches the runtime
+    /// once, the answer is written at once, and the request is cleared.
+    @MainActor
+    func testADesktopRefreshRequestIsAnsweredAndCleared() throws {
+        let container = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory.appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString)
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: container, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: container) }
+        let publisher = SharedShelfPublisher(container: container)
+        publisher.publishIndex([.init(id: "sys", name: "System")])
+        var asked: [String] = []
+        publisher.onRefreshRequest = { asked.append($0) }
+
+        try SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: "sys", in: container)
+        try SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: "not-offered", in: container)
+        publisher.takeRefreshRequests()
+        publisher.takeRefreshRequests()
+        XCTAssertEqual(asked, ["sys"], "once per request, and only for offered widgets")
+        XCTAssertTrue(publisher.isAnswering("sys"))
+
+        publisher.publish(SharedShelf.Snapshot(widgetID: "sys", name: "System", viewTree: UINode(type: "text", text: "CPU 3%")))
+        XCTAssertFalse(publisher.isAnswering("sys"))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(SharedShelf.readSnapshot(widgetID: "sys", from: container))
+        XCTAssertTrue(SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container).isEmpty)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tests/MenubucketCoreTests/DesktopHintsTests.swift b/Tests/MenubucketCoreTests/DesktopHintsTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c89ceff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/MenubucketCoreTests/DesktopHintsTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import XCTest
+@testable import MenubucketCore
+
+/// What a widget author can say about its desktop widget (0.6.1), and the
+/// refresh button's request files.
+final class DesktopHintsTests: XCTestCase {
+    private func decode<T: Decodable>(_ type: T.Type, _ json: String) throws -> T {
+        try JSONDecoder().decode(type, from: Data(json.utf8))
+    }
+
+    func testMarkedItemsAreTheOnlyItems() throws {
+        let tree = try decode(UINode.self, """
+        {"type": "vstack", "children": [
+          {"type": "text", "text": "Header that is not an item"},
+          {"type": "section", "title": "Disks", "children": [
+            {"type": "hstack", "desktopRole": "item", "children": [
+              {"type": "text", "text": "Macintosh HD"}, {"type": "text", "text": "61%"}]},
+            {"type": "hstack", "desktopRole": "item", "children": [
+              {"type": "text", "text": "Backup"}, {"type": "text", "text": "12%"}]}]},
+          {"type": "card", "title": "Not marked"}]}
+        """)
+        let parts = SharedShelf.parts(of: tree)
+        XCTAssertEqual(parts.map(\.title), ["Macintosh HD", "Backup"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(parts.map(\.group), ["Disks", "Disks"])
+    }
+
+    func testHiddenNodesAreLeftOutAndNotShared() throws {
+        let tree = try decode(UINode.self, """
+        {"type": "vstack", "children": [
+          {"type": "card", "title": "Shown"},
+          {"type": "card", "title": "Private", "desktopRole": "hide"}]}
+        """)
+        XCTAssertEqual(SharedShelf.parts(of: tree).map(\.title), ["Shown"])
+        let encoded = String(decoding: try JSONEncoder().encode(SharedShelf.scrubbed(tree)), as: UTF8.self)
+        XCTAssertFalse(encoded.contains("Private"))
+    }
+
+    func testAuthorRolesOutrankTheGuess() throws {
+        let tree = try decode(UINode.self, """
+        {"type": "vstack", "children": [
+          {"type": "text", "text": "Sensors", "role": "caption"},
+          {"type": "text", "text": "CPU", "desktopRole": "title"},
+          {"type": "text", "text": "41°", "size": 12, "desktopRole": "value"},
+          {"type": "text", "text": "fan 1200 rpm", "size": 24},
+          {"type": "text", "text": "8 cores", "desktopRole": "detail"}]}
+        """)
+        let summary = SharedShelf.summarize(tree)
+        XCTAssertEqual(summary.title, "CPU")
+        XCTAssertEqual(summary.value, "41°")
+        XCTAssertEqual(summary.detail, "8 cores")
+    }
+
+    func testTheManifestDesktopBlockIsLenient() throws {
+        let good = try decode(Manifest.Desktop.self, #"{"style": "meters", "offer": false}"#)
+        XCTAssertEqual(good, Manifest.Desktop(style: "meters", offer: false))
+        // Wrong types are dropped, not a reason to refuse the widget.
+        XCTAssertEqual(try decode(Manifest.Desktop.self, #"{"style": 3, "offer": "no"}"#), Manifest.Desktop())
+        XCTAssertEqual(try decode(Manifest.Desktop.self, #""meters""#), Manifest.Desktop())
+    }
+
+    func testRefreshRequestsAreReadOnceAndLapse() throws {
+        let container = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory.appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString)
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: container) }
+        let now = Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1_000_000)
+        try SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: "dev.barshelf.system", in: container, now: now)
+        try SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: "../escape", in: container, now: now)
+        XCTAssertEqual(SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container, now: now).keys.sorted(), ["dev.barshelf.system"])
+        // Past its lifetime a request is gone, file and all.
+        let later = now.addingTimeInterval(SharedShelf.refreshRequestLifetime + 1)
+        XCTAssertTrue(SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container, now: later).isEmpty)
+        XCTAssertTrue(SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container, now: now).isEmpty)
+
+        try SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: "dev.barshelf.system", in: container, now: now)
+        SharedShelf.clearRefreshRequest(widgetID: "dev.barshelf.system", in: container)
+        XCTAssertTrue(SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: container, now: now).isEmpty)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/Localizable.xcstrings b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/Localizable.xcstrings
index 353ee9b..fb2f4cd 100644
--- a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/Localizable.xcstrings
+++ b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/Localizable.xcstrings
@@ -91,6 +91,36 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "Refresh": {
+      "localizations": {
+        "ko": {
+          "stringUnit": {
+            "state": "translated",
+            "value": "새로 고침"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Refresh Widget": {
+      "localizations": {
+        "ko": {
+          "stringUnit": {
+            "state": "translated",
+            "value": "위젯 새로 고침"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Refreshing": {
+      "localizations": {
+        "ko": {
+          "stringUnit": {
+            "state": "translated",
+            "value": "새로 고치는 중"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "Right-click here and choose Edit Widget.": {
       "localizations": {
         "ko": {
diff --git a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfTemplates.swift b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfTemplates.swift
index 38fc27b..2f3ccf5 100644
--- a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfTemplates.swift
+++ b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfTemplates.swift
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ enum WidgetMetrics {
         case (.bigValue, _): return 1
         case (.grid, .systemSmall): return 4
         case (.grid, .systemMedium): return 4
+        case (.grid, .systemExtraLarge): return 12
+        case (_, .systemExtraLarge): return 14
         case (.grid, _): return 12
         case (.meters, .systemSmall): return 3
         case (_, .systemSmall): return 3
@@ -36,6 +38,13 @@ enum WidgetMetrics {
     }
 }
 
+extension WidgetFamily {
+    /// Large and extra large: room for headings and a line of detail.
+    var isRoomy: Bool { self == .systemLarge || self == .systemExtraLarge }
+    /// Extra large lays rows out in two columns.
+    var columnCount: Int { self == .systemExtraLarge ? 2 : 1 }
+}
+
 // MARK: - Big value
 
 struct BigValueTemplate: View {
@@ -100,7 +109,10 @@ struct MetersTemplate: View {
         if family == .systemSmall, items.allSatisfy({ $0.summary.fraction != nil }) {
             rings
         } else {
-            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: family == .systemLarge ? 10 : 7) {
+            LazyVGrid(
+                columns: Array(repeating: GridItem(.flexible(), spacing: 18, alignment: .top), count: family.columnCount),
+                alignment: .leading, spacing: family.isRoomy ? 10 : 7
+            ) {
                 ForEach(items) { item in row(item.summary) }
             }
             .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .topLeading)
@@ -170,15 +182,25 @@ struct ListTemplate: View {
     let family: WidgetFamily
 
     var body: some View {
-        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: family == .systemLarge ? 8 : 6) {
-            ForEach(Array(items.enumerated()), id: \.element.id) { index, item in
-                if family == .systemLarge, let group = item.group, index == 0 || items[index - 1].group != group {
-                    Text(group)
-                        .font(.caption2.weight(.semibold))
-                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                        .padding(.top, index == 0 ? 0 : 2)
+        // Extra large: the same list in two columns, split in the middle.
+        let half = (items.count + 1) / 2
+        let columns = family.columnCount == 2 && items.count > 4
+            ? [Array(items.prefix(half)), Array(items.dropFirst(half))]
+            : [items]
+        HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 18) {
+            ForEach(Array(columns.enumerated()), id: \.offset) { _, column in
+                VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: family.isRoomy ? 8 : 6) {
+                    ForEach(Array(column.enumerated()), id: \.element.id) { index, item in
+                        if family.isRoomy, let group = item.group, index == 0 || column[index - 1].group != group {
+                            Text(group)
+                                .font(.caption2.weight(.semibold))
+                                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                                .padding(.top, index == 0 ? 0 : 2)
+                        }
+                        row(item.summary)
+                    }
                 }
-                row(item.summary)
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .topLeading)
             }
         }
         .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .topLeading)
@@ -207,7 +229,7 @@ struct ListTemplate: View {
                 MeterBar(fraction: fraction, tone: tone ?? accent, height: 3)
                     .padding(.leading, 21)
             }
-            if family == .systemLarge, let line = summary.detail ?? summary.subtitle {
+            if family.isRoomy, let line = summary.detail ?? summary.subtitle {
                 Text(line)
                     .font(.caption2)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
@@ -251,7 +273,7 @@ struct GridTemplate: View {
     let family: WidgetFamily
 
     var body: some View {
-        let columns = family == .systemSmall ? 2 : 4
+        let columns = family == .systemSmall ? 2 : family == .systemExtraLarge ? 6 : 4
         let spacing: CGFloat = family == .systemSmall ? 5 : 8
         LazyVGrid(
             columns: Array(repeating: GridItem(.flexible(), spacing: spacing, alignment: .top), count: columns),
diff --git a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidget.swift b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidget.swift
index be28de6..55e9611 100644
--- a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidget.swift
+++ b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidget.swift
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ struct ShelfEntry: TimelineEntry {
     /// Part keys the user picked, in their order; empty lets the widget pick.
     var partKeys: [String] = []
     var style: ShelfWidgetStyle = .automatic
+    /// A refresh was asked for from this widget and is not answered yet.
+    var refreshing = false
 }
 
 struct ShelfProvider: AppIntentTimelineProvider {
@@ -31,6 +33,13 @@ struct ShelfProvider: AppIntentTimelineProvider {
     func timeline(for configuration: SelectShelfWidgetIntent, in context: Context) async -> Timeline<ShelfEntry> {
         let now = Date()
         var entries = [entry(for: configuration, at: now)]
+        // A refresh BarShelf never answers (it is not running) stops showing
+        // as pending when the request lapses.
+        if let id = configuration.widget?.id, let asked = SharedContainer.pendingRefresh(for: id) {
+            var settled = entry(for: configuration, at: asked.addingTimeInterval(SharedShelf.refreshRequestLifetime))
+            settled.refreshing = false
+            entries.append(settled)
+        }
         // A second entry at the moment the reading turns old, so the widget
         // says so without BarShelf spending a reload on it.
         if let staleAfter = entries[0].snapshot?.staleAfter, staleAfter > now {
@@ -48,7 +57,8 @@ struct ShelfProvider: AppIntentTimelineProvider {
         let keys = (configuration.parts ?? []).filter { $0.widgetID == id }.map(\.key)
         return ShelfEntry(
             date: date, widgetID: id, snapshot: SharedContainer.snapshot(for: id),
-            partKeys: keys, style: configuration.style
+            partKeys: keys, style: configuration.style,
+            refreshing: SharedContainer.pendingRefresh(for: id) != nil
         )
     }
 
@@ -93,7 +103,7 @@ struct ShelfWidget: Widget {
         }
         .configurationDisplayName("BarShelf Widget")
         .description("Shows one of your BarShelf widgets, or just the items you pick from it.")
-        .supportedFamilies([.systemSmall, .systemMedium, .systemLarge])
+        .supportedFamilies([.systemSmall, .systemMedium, .systemLarge, .systemExtraLarge])
     }
 }
 
@@ -191,11 +201,14 @@ struct ShelfWidgetView: View {
             )
         }
 
-        var template = entry.style.template ?? SharedShelf.automaticTemplate(for: all.map(\.summary))
-        if entry.style.template == nil, family == .systemSmall, template == .list {
+        // The user's Style, else the widget author's, else BarShelf's guess
+        // — which the small size narrows to what fits.
+        let authored = snapshot.preferredStyle.flatMap(SharedShelf.Template.init(rawValue:))
+        var template = entry.style.template ?? authored ?? SharedShelf.automaticTemplate(for: all.map(\.summary))
+        if entry.style.template == nil, authored == nil, family == .systemSmall, template == .list {
             template = .bigValue
         }
-        if template == .meters, entry.style.template == nil, family == .systemSmall, all.count > 3 {
+        if template == .meters, entry.style.template == nil, authored == nil, family == .systemSmall, all.count > 3 {
             template = .bigValue
         }
 
@@ -231,20 +244,41 @@ struct ShelfWidgetView: View {
                 .lineLimit(1)
                 .truncationMode(.middle)
             Spacer(minLength: 4)
-            if stale, let updated = snapshot.updatedAt {
-                // Only an old reading says how old it is; the small size has
-                // room for the clock alone beside the name.
+            if entry.refreshing {
+                Image(systemName: "arrow.triangle.2.circlepath")
+                    .font(.caption2)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                    .accessibilityLabel(Text("Refreshing"))
+            } else if stale, family == .systemSmall, let id = entry.widgetID {
+                // The small size has room for the clock alone, which is also
+                // its refresh button.
+                Button(intent: RefreshShelfWidgetIntent(widgetID: id)) {
+                    Image(systemName: "clock.arrow.circlepath")
+                        .font(.caption2)
+                        .foregroundStyle(.orange)
+                }
+                .buttonStyle(.plain)
+                .accessibilityLabel(Text("Refresh"))
+            } else if stale, let updated = snapshot.updatedAt {
+                // Only an old reading says how old it is.
                 HStack(spacing: 3) {
                     Image(systemName: "clock.arrow.circlepath")
-                    if family != .systemSmall {
-                        Text(updated, style: .relative)
-                    }
+                    Text(updated, style: .relative)
                 }
                 .font(.caption2)
                 .foregroundStyle(.orange)
                 .lineLimit(1)
                 .layoutPriority(-1)
             }
+            if !entry.refreshing, family != .systemSmall, let id = entry.widgetID {
+                Button(intent: RefreshShelfWidgetIntent(widgetID: id)) {
+                    Image(systemName: "arrow.clockwise")
+                        .font(.caption2.weight(.semibold))
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+                .buttonStyle(.plain)
+                .accessibilityLabel(Text("Refresh"))
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidgetIntent.swift b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidgetIntent.swift
index 3a4ce2c..38c18e9 100644
--- a/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidgetIntent.swift
+++ b/WidgetExtension/BarShelfWidgets/ShelfWidgetIntent.swift
@@ -157,6 +157,11 @@ enum SharedContainer {
         url.flatMap(SharedShelf.readIndex(from:))
     }
 
+    /// When a refresh of this widget was asked for and not answered yet.
+    static func pendingRefresh(for widgetID: String) -> Date? {
+        url.flatMap { SharedShelf.pendingRefreshRequests(in: $0)[widgetID] }
+    }
+
     static func snapshot(for widgetID: String) -> SharedShelf.Snapshot? {
         guard var snapshot = url.flatMap({ SharedShelf.readSnapshot(widgetID: widgetID, from: $0) }) else { return nil }
         // Written by a BarShelf from before items existed: split it here.
@@ -166,3 +171,32 @@ enum SharedContainer {
         return snapshot
     }
 }
+
+/// The refresh button on a desktop widget: asks BarShelf to refresh that
+/// widget now. BarShelf answers by publishing the new render and reloading
+/// the desktop widgets; until then the widget says it is refreshing.
+struct RefreshShelfWidgetIntent: AppIntent {
+    static let title: LocalizedStringResource = "Refresh Widget"
+    static let isDiscoverable = false
+
+    @Parameter(title: "Widget")
+    var widgetID: String
+
+    init() {}
+
+    init(widgetID: String) {
+        self.widgetID = widgetID
+    }
+
+    func perform() async throws -> some IntentResult {
+        if let container = SharedContainer.url {
+            try? SharedShelf.requestRefresh(widgetID: widgetID, in: container)
+            CFNotificationCenterPostNotification(
+                CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(),
+                CFNotificationName(SharedShelf.refreshRequestNotification as CFString),
+                nil, nil, true
+            )
+        }
+        return .result()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/WidgetExtension/PreviewTool/main.swift b/WidgetExtension/PreviewTool/main.swift
index 5e4219e..1e40985 100644
--- a/WidgetExtension/PreviewTool/main.swift
+++ b/WidgetExtension/PreviewTool/main.swift
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ let sizes: [(String, NSSize, WidgetFamily)] = [
     ("small", NSSize(width: 170, height: 170), .systemSmall),
     ("medium", NSSize(width: 364, height: 170), .systemMedium),
     ("large", NSSize(width: 364, height: 382), .systemLarge),
+    ("xlarge", NSSize(width: 760, height: 382), .systemExtraLarge),
 ]
 var entries: [ShelfEntry] = (SharedContainer.index()?.entries ?? []).map {
     ShelfEntry(date: Date(), widgetID: $0.id, snapshot: SharedContainer.snapshot(for: $0.id))
diff --git a/docs/AGENTS.md b/docs/AGENTS.md
index ae2770d..c9a0648 100644
--- a/docs/AGENTS.md
+++ b/docs/AGENTS.md
@@ -331,6 +331,35 @@ sharing) the BarShelf mark.
 
 ---
 
+## 8B. Desktop widgets (`desktop`, `desktopRole`) — BarShelf 0.6.1
+
+BarShelf mirrors widgets onto macOS desktop widgets. It reads the view tree to
+split it into items and to find each item's title, value, bar, and detail. That
+works for cards, sections, list rows, and label–value rows. When it guesses
+wrong, say what you mean. Older hosts ignore both fields.
+
+```json
+"desktop": { "style": "meters", "offer": true }
+```
+
+- `style` is the layout used while the user leaves Style on Automatic. The
+  values are `bigValue`, `meters`, `list`, and `grid`.
+- `offer: false` keeps the widget out of the desktop widget's list. Sensitive
+  widgets are never offered anyway.
+
+On any UINode, `desktopRole` marks what the node is on the desktop:
+
+- `item` marks one choosable item. Once any node is marked `item`, only the
+  marked nodes become items.
+- `title`, `subtitle`, `value`, `detail`, and `status` set that field to the
+  node's first text.
+- `hide` leaves the node out of desktop widgets entirely. It is not even
+  written to the shared folder.
+
+The popup ignores `desktopRole`.
+
+---
+
 ## 9. Permission model
 
 Declared in `permissions`; approval is **per-widget and all-at-once**: the host
@@ -395,7 +424,7 @@ an unsupported placeholder today):
 Shared/common fields: `id` (stable identity, needed for lists & action routing),
 `padding` (points), `widthFill` (bool), `tint`/`tone`/`foreground`
 (`primary`|`secondary`|`tertiary`|`accent`|`good`|`warning`|`danger`|`neutral`),
-`accessibilityLabel`.
+`accessibilityLabel`, `desktopRole` (desktop widgets only, see §8B).
 
 ### Containers
 
diff --git a/docs/GETTING-STARTED.md b/docs/GETTING-STARTED.md
index 686e111..2f79dea 100644
--- a/docs/GETTING-STARTED.md
+++ b/docs/GETTING-STARTED.md
@@ -174,7 +174,8 @@ BarShelf 위젯을 macOS 위젯으로도 띄울 수 있다. 데스크톱을 우
   - **목록:** 이름·값 줄. 큰 크기에서는 묶음 제목과 한 줄 설명이 붙는다.
   - **격자:** 파일 썸네일과 이름. 썸네일은 BarShelf가 작게 만들어 공유하고, 더 쓰지 않으면 지운다.
 
-작게·중간·크게를 지원하고, 누르면 BarShelf 팝업에서 그 위젯이 열린다.
+작게·중간·크게·아주 크게를 지원하고, 누르면 BarShelf 팝업에서 그 위젯이 열린다. 중간 크기 이상은
+머리글의 ↻ 버튼으로 바로 새로 고칠 수 있다. 작은 크기는 값이 오래됐을 때 나오는 주황색 시계가 새로 고침 버튼이다.
 
 - macOS 위젯은 BarShelf가 마지막으로 읽은 값을 보여 준다. macOS가 위젯 갱신
   횟수를 제한하므로 최대 15분마다 바뀐다.
diff --git a/docs/WIDGET-SPEC.md b/docs/WIDGET-SPEC.md
index 3a05d8a..18f692d 100644
--- a/docs/WIDGET-SPEC.md
+++ b/docs/WIDGET-SPEC.md
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 | `statusItem` | 아니오 | 메뉴바 status item 표시 정책. |
 | `permissions` | 아니오 | exec, env, 파일, storage, notifications, 네트워크, Keychain 권한 선언. |
 | `settings` | 아니오 | 설정 UI를 자동 생성하기 위한 선언. 값은 workflow의 `${settings.key}`와 script context로 전달된다. |
+| `desktop` | 아니오 | macOS 데스크톱 위젯으로 보일 때의 설정(0.6.1). `style`은 사용자가 스타일을 자동으로 둘 때 쓸 레이아웃(`bigValue`, `meters`, `list`, `grid`)이고, `offer: false`면 데스크톱 위젯 목록에 나오지 않는다. 값이 틀려도 위젯을 거부하지 않고 무시한다. |
 
 ### `bucket`
 
@@ -283,6 +284,12 @@ Workflow DSL 상세 계약은 [`docs/WORKFLOW.md`](WORKFLOW.md)를 따른다.
 ```
 
 반복 row/tile에는 안정적인 `id`를 권장한다. 호스트는 identity와 액션 routing에 이 값을 사용할 수 있다.
+
+`desktopRole`(0.6.1)은 데스크톱 위젯에서 이 노드가 무엇인지 알려 준다. 팝업은 무시한다.
+
+- `item`: 사용자가 고를 수 있는 항목 하나. 하나라도 있으면 표시한 노드만 항목이 된다.
+- `title`, `subtitle`, `value`, `detail`, `status`: 그 칸에 이 노드의 첫 텍스트를 쓴다.
+- `hide`: 데스크톱 위젯에서 빼고, 공유 폴더에도 쓰지 않는다.
 `drag.filePath`는 파일 row/tile 같은 반복 노드에 붙이면 가장 자연스럽다.
 
 ### 접근성 (`accessibilityLabel`)