diff --git a/.changeset/web-components-without-assets.md b/.changeset/web-components-without-assets.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b114fcbcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/web-components-without-assets.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@shopify/theme-graph': patch
+---
+
+Build the theme graph for a theme without an `assets` folder. `getWebComponentMap` used to reject, so the language server never had a graph for that theme, even after the folder was created.
diff --git a/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.spec.ts b/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c16c9d65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { path } from '@shopify/theme-check-common';
+import { MockFileSystem } from '@shopify/theme-check-common/src/test';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { getWebComponentMap } from './getWebComponentMap';
+import { makeGetSourceCode } from './graph/test-helpers';
+
+describe('Unit: getWebComponentMap', () => {
+  it('returns an empty map for a theme without an assets folder', async () => {
+    const rootUri = path.normalize('file:/');
+    const fs = new MockFileSystem({ 'sections/main.liquid': '<price-tag></price-tag>' }, rootUri);
+    const map = await getWebComponentMap(rootUri, { fs, getSourceCode: makeGetSourceCode(fs) });
+    expect(map.size).toBe(0);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.ts b/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.ts
index 6c3fb01cc..3c483038b 100644
--- a/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.ts
+++ b/packages/theme-graph/src/getWebComponentMap.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { path, recursiveReadDirectory } from '@shopify/theme-check-common';
 import { ancestor as visit } from 'acorn-walk';
 import { Dependencies, Void, WebComponentMap } from './types';
 import { CallExpression } from 'acorn';
+import { exists } from './utils';
 
 /**
  * Regular expression for web component names
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ export async function getWebComponentMap(
 ): Promise<WebComponentMap> {
   const webComponentDefs: WebComponentMap = new Map();
   const assetRoot = path.join(rootUri, 'assets');
+  if (!(await exists(fs, assetRoot))) return webComponentDefs;
+
   const jsFiles = await recursiveReadDirectory(fs, assetRoot, ([fileName]) =>
     fileName.endsWith('.js'),
   );