diff --git a/lib/internal/streams/end-of-stream.js b/lib/internal/streams/end-of-stream.js
index f310cd6936fb..3b7d346527c9 100644
--- a/lib/internal/streams/end-of-stream.js
+++ b/lib/internal/streams/end-of-stream.js
@@ -155,7 +155,13 @@ function eos(stream, options, callback) {
    * Error: an error occurred
    */
   let immediateResult;
+  // An already closed stream can still have data sitting in its readable
+  // buffer. Whether that counts as a premature close depends on whether the
+  // buffer is consumed before the callback runs, so the result has to be
+  // recomputed at that point rather than captured here.
+  let recomputeOnCloseError = false;
   if (isClosed(stream)) {
+    recomputeOnCloseError = true;
     immediateResult = getEosOnCloseError(
       stream,
       readable,
@@ -209,7 +215,12 @@ function eos(stream, options, callback) {
   }
 
   if (immediateResult !== undefined) {
-    process.nextTick(() => ReflectApply(callback, stream, immediateResult === null ? [] : [immediateResult]));
+    process.nextTick(() => {
+      const result = recomputeOnCloseError ?
+        getEosOnCloseError(stream, readable, readableFinished, writable, writableFinished) :
+        immediateResult;
+      ReflectApply(callback, stream, result === null ? [] : [result]);
+    });
     return cleanup;
   }
 
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-http2-async-iteration-buffered-response.js b/test/parallel/test-http2-async-iteration-buffered-response.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73e651e23e13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-http2-async-iteration-buffered-response.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// An HTTP/2 stream that closed normally can still hold its whole response in
+// the readable buffer. Starting async iteration at that point must yield the
+// buffered body rather than reporting ERR_STREAM_PREMATURE_CLOSE.
+// Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/65677
+
+const common = require('../common');
+if (!common.hasCrypto)
+  common.skip('missing crypto');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const http2 = require('http2');
+const { once } = require('events');
+const { setImmediate: setImmediateAsync } = require('timers/promises');
+
+const body = 'complete response';
+
+const server = http2.createServer();
+server.on('stream', (stream) => {
+  stream.resume();
+  stream.on('end', () => {
+    stream.respond({ ':status': 200 }, { waitForTrailers: true });
+    stream.on('wantTrailers', () => stream.sendTrailers({ 'grpc-status': '0' }));
+    stream.end(body);
+  });
+});
+
+server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1');
+
+(async () => {
+  await once(server, 'listening');
+  const session = http2.connect(`http://127.0.0.1:${server.address().port}`);
+
+  try {
+    await once(session, 'connect');
+    const request = session.request({ ':method': 'POST' });
+    const response = once(request, 'response');
+    request.end('request');
+    await response;
+
+    // Hold off consuming the response until the stream reports a normal close.
+    // The body is buffered at this point and the stream is not destroyed.
+    while (!request.closed)
+      await setImmediateAsync();
+
+    assert.strictEqual(request.rstCode, 0);
+    assert.strictEqual(request.destroyed, false);
+    assert.strictEqual(request.readableLength, Buffer.byteLength(body));
+
+    let received = '';
+    for await (const chunk of request)
+      received += chunk;
+
+    assert.strictEqual(received, body);
+  } finally {
+    session.destroy();
+    await once(session, 'close');
+    server.close();
+  }
+})().then(common.mustCall());