diff --git a/ravendb/documents/operations/ai/agents/run_conversation_operation.py b/ravendb/documents/operations/ai/agents/run_conversation_operation.py
index 4fc37e33..44945601 100644
--- a/ravendb/documents/operations/ai/agents/run_conversation_operation.py
+++ b/ravendb/documents/operations/ai/agents/run_conversation_operation.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from ravendb.documents.conventions import DocumentConventions
 from ravendb.http.raven_command import RavenCommand, RavenCommandResponseType
 from ravendb.http.server_node import ServerNode
+from ravendb.exceptions.exception_dispatcher import ExceptionDispatcher
 import requests
 from ravendb.http.misc import ResponseDisposeHandling
 from ravendb.documents.ai.ai_output_options import AiOutputOptions
@@ -478,6 +479,17 @@ def process_response(self, cache, response: requests.Response, url) -> ResponseD
                 continue
             if line.startswith("{"):
                 response_json = json.loads(line)
+                # An exception raised after streaming already started (HTTP 200) is written into the stream as the
+                # standard error payload. Surface it (e.g. a refusal) instead of parsing it as the result.
+                exception_type = response_json.get("Type") if isinstance(response_json, dict) else None
+                if exception_type:
+                    schema = ExceptionDispatcher.ExceptionSchema(
+                        url=response_json.get("Url") or url,
+                        object_type=exception_type,
+                        message=response_json.get("Message", ""),
+                        error=response_json.get("Error", ""),
+                    )
+                    raise ExceptionDispatcher.get(schema, response.status_code, json_body=response_json)
                 self.result = ConversationResult.from_json(response_json)
                 return ResponseDisposeHandling.AUTOMATIC
             # Non-final lines are JSON-encoded chunks (e.g. "\\\"chunk\\\"").
diff --git a/ravendb/tests/ai_agent_tests/test_ai_conversation_streaming_errors.py b/ravendb/tests/ai_agent_tests/test_ai_conversation_streaming_errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e9d0ad28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ravendb/tests/ai_agent_tests/test_ai_conversation_streaming_errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""
+Unit tests for errors written into a streamed conversation response (RavenDB-25401).
+
+When the server fails after streaming already started (HTTP 200), it writes the standard error payload
+as the final line of the stream. The client must raise it instead of parsing it as the conversation result.
+No server is needed: the streamed response is faked.
+"""
+
+import json
+import unittest
+
+from ravendb.documents.operations.ai.agents.run_conversation_operation import RunConversationCommand
+from ravendb.exceptions.raven_exceptions import AiException, RefusedToAnswerException
+
+EXPECTED_REFUSAL = "I'm sorry, I can't help with that."
+
+
+class _FakeStreamingResponse:
+    def __init__(self, lines, status_code=200):
+        self._lines = lines
+        self.status_code = status_code
+
+    def iter_lines(self, decode_unicode=False):
+        return iter(self._lines)
+
+
+def _streaming_command(chunks):
+    return RunConversationCommand(
+        agent_id="agents/1",
+        conversation_id="conversations/1",
+        stream_property_path="Answer",
+        streamed_chunks_callback=chunks.append,
+    )
+
+
+class TestAiConversationStreamingErrors(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_error_payload_in_stream_raises_dispatched_exception(self):
+        error_payload = {
+            "Url": "/databases/db1/ai/agent",
+            "Type": "Raven.Client.Exceptions.AI.AiException",
+            "Message": "Failed to communicate with the agent",
+            "Error": (
+                "Raven.Client.Exceptions.AI.AiException: Failed to communicate with the agent"
+                " ---> Raven.Client.Exceptions.AI.RefusedToAnswerException: "
+                f"The model refused to answer: {EXPECTED_REFUSAL}"
+            ),
+            "RequestId": "req-refusal-123",
+        }
+        chunks = []
+        command = _streaming_command(chunks)
+        response = _FakeStreamingResponse([json.dumps("partial"), "", json.dumps(error_payload)])
+
+        with self.assertRaises(AiException) as ctx:
+            command.process_response(None, response, "http://localhost:8080/databases/db1/ai/agent")
+
+        self.assertIs(AiException, type(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertIn("RefusedToAnswerException", str(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertIn(EXPECTED_REFUSAL, str(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertEqual("req-refusal-123", ctx.exception.request_id)
+        self.assertEqual(["partial"], chunks)
+        self.assertIsNone(command.result)
+
+    def test_refused_to_answer_payload_in_stream_raises_refused_to_answer_exception(self):
+        error_payload = {
+            "Type": "Raven.Client.Exceptions.AI.RefusedToAnswerException",
+            "Message": EXPECTED_REFUSAL,
+            "Error": f"Raven.Client.Exceptions.AI.RefusedToAnswerException: {EXPECTED_REFUSAL}",
+            "Refusal": EXPECTED_REFUSAL,
+            "FinishReason": "content_filter",
+        }
+        command = _streaming_command([])
+        response = _FakeStreamingResponse([json.dumps(error_payload)])
+
+        with self.assertRaises(RefusedToAnswerException) as ctx:
+            command.process_response(None, response, "http://localhost:8080/databases/db1/ai/agent")
+
+        self.assertEqual(EXPECTED_REFUSAL, ctx.exception.refusal)
+        self.assertEqual("content_filter", ctx.exception.finish_reason)
+
+    def test_final_result_in_stream_is_parsed(self):
+        final = {
+            "ConversationId": "conversations/1",
+            "ChangeVector": "A:1",
+            "Response": {"Answer": "streamed answer"},
+            "ActionRequests": [],
+        }
+        chunks = []
+        command = _streaming_command(chunks)
+        response = _FakeStreamingResponse([json.dumps("streamed "), json.dumps("answer"), json.dumps(final)])
+
+        command.process_response(None, response, "http://localhost:8080/databases/db1/ai/agent")
+
+        self.assertEqual(["streamed ", "answer"], chunks)
+        self.assertEqual("conversations/1", command.result.conversation_id)
+        self.assertEqual({"Answer": "streamed answer"}, command.result.response)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()