fix: reject an argument of the wrong type with a TypeError

[ptondereau]

Description

Option<T>, typed variadics and Option<&mut ZendHashTable> turned a value of the wrong type into None or dropped it, and a failed argument conversion threw a plain Exception. They now throw a TypeError like ZPP, f32/f64 accept an int like a PHP float parameter (zend_parse_arg_double_slow), and mago goes to 1.57.0.

Fixes #819

Checklist

• I have read the contribution guidelines and the code of conduct.
• I have added tests that prove my code works as expected.
• I have added documentation if applicable.
• I have added a migration guide if applicable.

[codspeed]

Merging this PR will not alter performance

⚠️ 51 benchmarks spent significant time in system calls

System calls cannot be consistently instrumented, so they are not included in the measure, which understates the real cost. Please switch to the Walltime instrument to accurately measure system calls.

Measurement and system calls

• output_transforms[100000]
• exception_throws[100000]
• function_calls[100000]
• static_method_calls[100000]
• binary_slice_reads[100000]
• property_dumps[100000]
• string_calls[100000]
• object_news[10]
• object_news[1]
• method_calls[10]
• …and 41 more

✅ 51 untouched benchmarks

---

_{Comparing fix/option-rejects-wrong-type (07f4f73) with master (ff909ac)}

[coveralls]

Coverage Report for CI Build 38766232070

Coverage increased (+0.2%) to 75.503%

Details

• Coverage increased (+0.2%) from the base build.
• Patch coverage: 5 uncovered changes across 3 files (68 of 73 lines covered, 93.15%).
• 1 coverage regression across 1 file.

Uncovered Changes

File	Changed	Covered	%
src/types/mod.rs	11	8	72.73%
src/closure.rs	1	0	0.0%
src/types/array/mod.rs	3	2	66.67%
Total (7 files)	73	68	93.15%

Coverage Regressions

1 previously-covered line in 1 file lost coverage.

File	Lines Losing Coverage	Coverage
crates/introspection/src/stub.rs	1	88.46%

---

Coverage Stats

Relevant Lines:	15100
Covered Lines:	11401
Line Coverage:	75.5%
Coverage Strength:	53.81 hits per line

---

💛 - Coveralls