feat(core): [Data Collection 22] Add external configuration

[adinauer]

PR Stack (Data Collection)

• feat(core): Data Collection #5759
• feat(core): [Data Collection 1] Add configuration types #5760
• feat(core): [Data Collection 2] Expose SentryOptions API #5761
• feat(core): [Data Collection 3] Add policy resolver #5799
• feat(graphql): [Data Collection 4] Apply GraphQL policies #5800
• feat(database): [Data Collection 5] Apply query policy #5801
• feat(spring): [Data Collection 6] Apply incoming request body policy #5802
• feat(apollo): [Data Collection 7] Apply incoming response body policy #5803
• feat(apollo): [Data Collection 8] Apply outgoing request body policy #5804
• feat(graphql): [Data Collection 9] Apply outgoing response body policy #5805
• feat(http): [Data Collection 10] Apply request header policy #5806
• feat(http): [Data Collection 11] Apply response header policy #5807
• feat(http): [Data Collection 12] Apply query parameter policy #5810
• feat(http): [Data Collection 13] Apply cookie collection policy #5811
• feat(user): [Data Collection 14] Apply user information policy #5812
• fix(android): [Data Collection 15] Scope device info cache to SDK options #5831
• test(replay): [Data Collection 16] Keep Replay independent #5832
• fix(android): [Data Collection 17] Apply user info policy to distinct ID #5833
• fix(spring): [Data Collection 18] Bind key-value policies #5834
• fix(android): [Data Collection 19] Preserve installation ID #5937
• fix(ktor): [Data Collection 20] Exclude query parameters from span descriptions #5983
• fix(opentelemetry): [Data Collection 21] Exclude queries from span descriptions #5985
• feat(core): [Data Collection 22] Add external configuration #6036

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📜 Description

Parse flattened Data Collection settings through ExternalOptions, making them available from sentry.properties, Java system properties, and environment variables.

Support user information, HTTP body directions, cookies, request and response headers, URL query parameters, GraphQL document and variables, and database query data. Merge only configured fields into SentryOptions; omitted fields retain their documented defaults or legacy behavior. An empty data-collection.http-bodies value disables all body directions.

💡 Motivation and Context

Data Collection was previously configurable only through the programmatic SentryOptions API and framework-specific binding. JVM applications that rely on the SDK's external configuration need equivalent access without custom initialization code.

Explicit external Data Collection configuration takes precedence over sendDefaultPii, matching the programmatic resolver behavior.

Refs #5666

💚 How did you test it?

• ./gradlew :sentry:test --tests 'io.sentry.ExternalOptionsTest' --tests 'io.sentry.SentryOptionsTest'
• ./gradlew :sentry:check
• ./gradlew spotlessApply apiDump
• git diff --check

📝 Checklist

• I added GH Issue ID & Linear ID
• I added tests to verify the changes.
• No new PII added or SDK only sends newly added PII if sendDefaultPII is enabled.
• I updated the docs if needed.
• I updated the wizard if needed.
• Review from the native team if needed.
• No breaking change or entry added to the changelog.
• No breaking change for hybrid SDKs or communicated to hybrid SDKs.

🔮 Next steps

Add Spring Boot binding coverage, Android manifest metadata support, and Data Collection configuration documentation in follow-up PRs.

#skip-changelog

⚠️ Merge this PR using a merge commit (not squash). Only the collection branch is squash-merged into main.

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Semver Impact of This PR

🟡 Minor (new features)

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📲 Install Builds

Android

🔗 App Name	App ID	Version	Configuration
SDK Size	io.sentry.tests.size	8.48.0 (1)	release

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